Memorysoft is a technology where individuals are able to perfectly recall the details of their memories.

In the status quo, victim forgiveness can reduce a criminal’s sentence, often treated as a mitigating factor during sentencing or parole, though it is not legally decisive.

Arkangel is a technology which involves implanting a device into a child's brain, allowing parents to monitor their child's location and vital signs in real-time. Additionally, parents can use a tablet to see through the child's eyes, censor disturbing or sensitive images and events, and track their emotional state. The technology also enables parents to set boundaries and restrictions on what the child sees and experiences, effectively controlling their environment.

For the purpose of this debate, "have it all" refers to (and is not limited to) the idea that women can have successful careers, raise families, and maintain fulfilling personal lives all at the same time.

A mail-order bride is a woman who seeks a marriage partner through a service or agency that arranges international marriages, typically involving men from wealthier countries who are seeking partners from countries with fewer economic opportunities, most commonly Southeast Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America. The term often implies that the process is transactional, where the woman may be selected or matched based on personal preferences, sometimes facilitated through correspondence or online platforms.

In recent years, K-Pop girl groups have seen a surge in popularity worldwide. Examples include Blackpink, New Jeans, and Twice.

New Atheism is a term used to describe a contemporary subgroup of atheism. It is characterized by its outspoken and unapologetic criticism of religion, religious beliefs, and religious believers. Crucially, New Atheists often attempt to convince others of the non-existence of God.

For the purposes of the debate, the grounds for one individual (the claimant) to sue another individual (the defendant) on the basis of religious indoctrination relies on the claimant proving that the indoctrination caused by the defendant has caused significant harm to their life.

"Hugs, Not Bullets" refers to a non-confrontational security policy whereby the state aims to tackle crime through addressing the root causes of crimes (e.g., providing rehabilitation services to drug users, offering social welfare to the poor) as opposed to reliance on police enforcement (e.g., frequent police checks, harsh sentences and punishments).

Soft warfare refers to indirect or invisible methods of warfare. Examples include cyberwarfare, economic warfare, and information warfare, etc. In contrast, traditional warfare refers to physical combat and the use of conventional weapons.

In 2025, US-EU relations have worsened due to trade conflicts, defense disagreements, and ideological tensions. President Trump imposed tariffs on EU goods, while US military aid suspensions to Ukraine fueled security concerns in Europe. In response, the EU is seeking greater independence in defense and foreign policy.

Efficiency-oriented economic policy centers on reducing prices and maximizing output by allocating production according to where a comparative advantage exists (e.g., lowering barriers to trade and investment, removing regulations that impede competition). 

Resilience-oriented economic policy sacrifices efficiency in order to build redundancies in the event of economic shocks (e.g., subsidizing domestic production, restricting trade of key technologies with adversaries, building national reserves).

For the purposes of the debate, "red light tourism" refers to the practice of traveling to foreign countries for the purpose of engaging in vices (e.g., sex, drugs). Examples include tourists visiting Cambodia to participate in the sex industry, or Thailand for the cannabis industry. 

A carbon tax is a fixed fee imposed on carbon emissions, providing a direct financial incentive for businesses to reduce their carbon footprint. In contrast, a cap-and-trade system sets a maximum limit (cap) on total emissions and allows companies to buy, sell, or trade emission permits, creating a market-driven approach to reducing pollution.

For the purposes of the debate, a "fragile democracy" is a democratic state wherein the quality and stability of government is inconsistent, e.g., frequent conflict between the ruling (majority) party and the opposition (minority) party, widespread populism, and authoritarian tendencies. Fragile democracies are still functional states.

A "protest vote" is a vote cast in a democratic election to express dissatisfaction against the choice of candidates or the state of the political landscape. Examples of protest votes include blank ballots (not choosing any candidate) or spoilt ballots (purposefully rendering your ballot invalid by deforming your ballot, writing unintelligible notes, or by other means).

Life coaches are public figures on social media who provide advice to individuals seeking personal development. They typically share content focused on topics such as self-improvement, mental well-being, career growth, and relationships.

The Brazilian public education system coexists with private schools, where private schools are often seen as superior. Many public schools are hindered by insufficient staff and decreased investment due to the latest economic crises. In 2024, the governor of São Paulo, Brazil, announced plans to use artificial intelligence (AI) to create classroom content for public schools.

For the purposes of the debate: 

(1) "Private outsourcing" is when an organization contracts a private company to perform specific tasks or services on behalf of the organization.

(2) Low educational outcomes can be characterized by (but are not limited to) high drop-out rates, low attendance, low grade averages, etc.

Under the nuclear parenting model, the family unit consists of two adult parents and their dependent children where the responsibility of childcare falls exclusively on the two parents.